Swashbuckler 1700

Robert's crew from GHoP I think that this does not include those 70 Africans that he had. There is many Britons but few other as well Mens Names Years of Age Habitations. William Magnes 35 Minehead. Richard Hardy 25 Wales. David Sympson 36 North-Berwick. Christopher Moody 28 (was he never even a captain?) Thomas Sutton 23 Berwick. Valentine Ashplant 32 Minories. Peter de Vine 42 Stepney. William Philips 29 Lower-Shadwell. Philip Bill 27 St. Thomas's. (Danish colony) William Main 28 William Mackintosh 21 Canterbury. William Williams 40 nigh Plymouth. Robert Haws 31 Yarmouth. William Petty 30 Deptford. John Jaynson 22 nigh Lancaster. Marcus Johnson 21 Smyrna. (in Greece) Robert Crow 44 Isle of Man. Michael Maer 41 Ghent. (France) Daniel Harding 26 Croomsbury in Somersetshire. William Fernon 22 Somersetshire. Jo. More 19 Meer in Wiltshire. Abraham Harper 23 Bristol. Jo. Parker 22 Winfred in Dorsetshire. Jo. Philips 28 Alloway in Scotland. James Clement 20 Jersey. Peter Scvdamore 35 Bristol. James Skyrm 44 Wales. John Walden 24 Somersetshire. Jo. Stephenson 40 Whitby. Jo. Mansfield 30 Orkneys. Israel Hynde 30 Bristol. Peter Lesley 21 Aberdeen. Charles Bunce 26 Excter Robert Birtson 30 Other St. Maries Devonshire. Richard Harris 45 Cornwall. Joseph Nosuter 26 Sadbury in Devonshire. William Williams 30 Speechless at Execution. ( hmm why?.. interesting...) Agge Jacobson 30 Holland. Benjamin Jefferys 21 Bristol. Cuthbert Goss 21 Topsham. John Jessup 20 Plymouth. Edward Watts 22 Dunmore. Thomas Giles 26 Mine-head. William Wood 27 York. Thomas Armstrong 34 London, executed on board the Weymouth. Robert Johnson 32 at Whydah. (in Africa or?) George Smith 25 Wales. William Watts 23 Ireland. James Philips 35 Antegoa. John Coleman 24 Wales. Robert Hays 20 Liverpool. William Davis 23 Wales.

Speaking of Spanish this is from that same site which is quite reliable since it has many great sources " In late September 1720, Captain Nicholas de Concepcion and 140 pirates (Spaniards “and others of diverse Nations”) cruised the waters of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay aboard a well-armed Spanish brigantine from Saint Augustine. Their first capture was a Philadelphia sloop named Mary, commanded by Captain Jacobs. She carried a cargo of bread and flour. Concepcion decided she would make an excellent consort to the pirate brigantine. Captain Sipkin was master of the pirates’ second capture. A prize crew was put aboard and the ship set sail for Saint Augustine. The pirates seized a pink, bound to Virginia from Barbados, in the Chesapeake Bay on 23 September. Her captain was a man named Spicer. Once again Concepcion sent a prize crew aboard the pink to sail her to Florida. Sometime later, Concepcion and his men took a Liverpool merchantman named Planter that was eventually retaken. During a search of her papers, her rescuers discovered a forged letter of marque from the Governor of Saint Augustine. It was dated after the war between England and Spain ended. Attempts were made to capture the pirates, but they escaped."

Quite right (Holland was btw a republic). I dare to say that often English colonists were called Englishmen as well. I dare to claim that Roberts had Creeks and perhaps even Maltese. Russia was pretty isolated then, and Orientals well why there would be those. There were some Spaniards but I have no records handy. There were indians but not too many Africans were well represented in pirate crews • Bellamy (1717) – more than 27 out of 180 men • England (1718) – less than 50 out of 180 men • Lowther (1724) – 9 out of 23 men •Blackbeard (1717) – 60 out of 100; (1718) – 5 out 14 • La Bouche (1719) – 32 out of 64 men These facts are from http://www.cindyvallar.com/blackpirates.html There only some examples but some of them were saves of the pirates

" homogeneously European " well Africans were not there but it is multicultural. What you think there need to be to be multicultural Chinese?

Multicultural crews should also take in consideration when thinking the pirate clothing. Frenchmen could have small sashes (small) and dutch (dare I say) perhaps occasional pearl earring like we know some Ducth sailor useing in gaop. But still not anything that H. Pyle has made.... But most of the men were Britons so.... I am not defending typical pirate image as a accurate one....

I find the relative "big" number of Swedes odd.... Portuquese I undertand since there was many Portuquese ships captured and they also had links to RN (there were constanty British ships in Lisbon).... Dutch are rarer than we or at least I could think but there were Dutch indeed but not too many. E.G Bonnet had one and so was in the Whydah and etc.... Johnson has theory why there were only some Dutch (Foxe hinted me about this in other tread ). " I have not so much as heard of a Dutch Pyrate: It is not that I take them to be honester than their Neighbours; but when we account for it, it will, perhaps, be a Reproach to our selves for our want of Industry: The Reason I take to be, that after a War, when the Dutch Ships are laid up, they have a Fishery, where their Seamen find immediate Business, and as comfortable Bread as they had before. Had ours the same Recourse in their Necessities, I'm certain we should find the same Effect from it; for a Fishery is a Trade that cannot be overstock'd; the Sea is wide enough for us all, we need not quarrel for Elbow-room: Its Stores are infinite, and will ever reward the Labourer. Besides, our own Coast, for the most Part, supply the Dutch, who employ several hundred Sail constantly in the Trade, and so sell to us our own Fish."

Hmm even greener ligth for one eyed pirates but for eyepatches evidence it is not too clear....

Realy interesting! Quite multicultural it seems....

I do wonder how so multicultural crews communicated... There is a tread about it in here pub.......

Surgeon hangeg him? I think since as far as I know eyes are hard to cure perhaps reason for that why there is little mentions about eye cases is due of that there were no real treantment....

So do I and pretty clear. Labat was well informed even if he did not saw all with this own eyes.....

At least there were one eyed men but how much did they have eye patches that is still a bit unsure....

Eyes are there too

Indeed I think that you are right. I think you still need to mention (in your surgeon bage) that eyes were lost. But It was not as common than people migth think. so sailor with wooden leg was more common sight than one eyed or indeed eye pacthed... What do you say about that sailor picture (pensioners) the man has quite clear eye pacth and I think that there are some few more pensioner pictures with eye patches than that. But sadly it is a bit later (from later 18th c) : /

The Nelson ideed lost his eye in battle but had no eye pacth http://www.telegraph...-historian.html Eye patces are perhaps came from "Pirate's Own Book" which is not too good early 19th C book about pirates and especially the gaop ones picture from there

Well found on web site http://pirates.hegewisch.net/articles_new.html but it seems to be pretty much real Privateer ship's but it seems to be little later than gaop... " That all the small Plunder, shall be brought to publick Sale, and be delivered to the highest Bidder, for which their Shares shall be accountable, excepting the Captain's Perquisites, which are such as did belong to the Captains of Prizes, and such Clothing as the Captain shall think proper to allow the Prisoners."

Curiously, I have found very few accounts of this in the period medical literature. It was very common at this time for surgical writers to stuff case studies into the middle of their medical literature to illustrate the cures they had seen and performed. I now have six period or near-period books specific to sea surgery (two of which - Hugh Ryder's New practical observations in surgery containing divers remarkable cases and cures and John Moyle's Chyrurgic memoirs : being an account of many extraordinary cures which occurred in the series of the author's practice are devoted exclusively to case studies) and have not seen a complete account of a cure of someone having lost an eye. (So far. I haven't finished Ryder's book yet.) I have read LOTS of accounts of splinter-removals, amputations, open wounds, broken bones, abdominal damage and head wounds. Interesting but eyes were lost still but it seems less constantly than many other things like legs. I trust your research since you have done lots of it and done it well and done it so long but perhaps you have missed some cases with eyes. It is also possible that eye wounds were so hard to deal with that some doctors not even dare to try. But men like De Lezo or later Nelson are exsamples of one eyed naval persons. OK from wiki but it seems to be accurate " Nelson was struck by debris in his right eye and was forced to retire from the position, although his wound was soon bandaged and he returned to action"

But of course eyes were lost they are lost today as well ( I now it is not good looking history and compare it with modern people but...)... oh even now at least here people lost eyes in the new year when they were firing rockets think a world with real explosives, cannons, swords, bombs, and wood sticks..... Here is pictures of old eye operation but most of them are cataract treatment from 1500s of eye operation Here 18th C stuff see here http://www.bridgeman...aving-b?lang=fr late medieval http://www.bridgeman...tem_index":110}

one more way to lose an eye or eyes was pirate torture this is quite good site . read the secion about "woolding” http://www.cindyvallar.com/torture.html

sorry for that I mean that did those who lost an eye used eye patches or not? that is the more harder question not that were eyes lost or not since eyes were lost definately. I also like to remind about hand grenades so often used. They could harm eyes quite a bit and you would not have much time to put your hands to cover your head or eyes before it explode.

BTW those patients were in sailor hospital I forgot to told that but it is only one eye pacth and it is few decades later than gaop but they are sailors.....

Pirate Pew is fully blind pirate That was Treasure Island now to history I found this that seems to be an eye pacth Greenwich hospital patients late 18th C

Wiki says that this man was a eye patch user http://en.wikipedia....-Jacques_Conté and him http://en.wikipedia....r_Francis_Bryan they are in list of yey patch users same with this man http://en.wikipedia....sco_de_Orellana look also this http://www.thepirate...rancisco_de.htm It seems tha loosing limbs was more common than losing an eye Robert's artickles " X. No Man to talk of breaking up their Way of Living, till each had shared a 1000 l. If in order to this, any Man should lose a Limb, or become a Cripple in their Service, he was to have 800 Dollars, out of the publick Stock, and for lesser Hurts, proportionably.

From buccaneer artickles "Thus they order for the loss of a right arm six hundred pieces of eight, or six slaves ; for the loss of a left arm five hundred pieces of eight, or five slaves ; for a right leg five hundred pieces of eight, or five slaves ; for the left leg four hundred pieces of eight, or four slaves ; for an eye one hundred pieces of eight, or one slave ; for a finger of the hand the same reward as for the eye." So eyes were still in danger Not only in battles but also in navigation as well: When navigator was using a cross staff (used from 1400s till mid/ late 1700s) he needed always look directly to sun. Years of doing that would hurt your eyes quite a bit I think that there is no question were eyes losed or blinded but did those who lost or hurted them it use an pact? That is more hard question... pictures of 1500s men http://jcb.lunaimagi...2&mi=31&trs=112 http://jcb.lunaimagi...~2&mi=13&trs=20

Lord Nelson was one eyed but he did not used an eye pacth http://www.forteantimes.com/strangedays/mythbusters/356/lord_nelsons_eyepatch.html