Well now Rum Lass,
First of all, this is black powder, which is "low and slow" burn, not a high powered explosiion, so no high velocity, armor piercing rounds, just round balls. So there is no significant loss in velocity. Secondly, since the ball is round (assuming ist was made right to begin with,and free of rust) no matter which side of a perfect sphere hits the water (assuming seas not too rough) then it will ricochet in a straight line towards it's target, and you gain about 20% on your range.
Now the U S army statistics of the 1850s tell us that a long 32 pounder has an affective range of 1.25 miles. BUT! Affective range is defined as hitting the target 50% of the time or better. So please remember that your actual combat range is MUCH closer to begin with, and adding 20% to your range is not adding onto that 1.25 miles, but rather much less, because of this.
Secondly, those are ARMY statistics that I am sighting. The Navy basically threw the book overboard. Why? The army was firing from a STATIONARY platform, at a STATIONARY target. In the navy, you are firing from a moving platform because the deck of a ship is pitching and rolling AND it is also under way, and usually your target is another ship that is also under way. Finally, your captain ( if he isn't a total boob) is attempting to sail in such a way to deny his opponent a target, when getting the best angle to fire upon the enemy, who is doing exactly the same thing to him. This requires knowledge of his ship, crew, winds, weather and local tides.
So, firing cannon may be fun, but it's half the battle. If your captain can't pilot the ship (and/or the crew can't sail it, despite his knowledge and skill) into aposition for the gun crews to fire in the first place, because they are being out sailed, who cares how fast and accurate these gun crews are, or the efficiency of their guns?
Did I babble enough?
Too much?
Commander Ullrich, Rumskull PIcaroons, Colonial Tory Privateers
AKA Mr Ullrich, Master-At-Arms, USS Constellation Museum