From the late 11th century, Christians and Muslims fought for control of the Mediterranean Sea and the countries around it. The Muslim sea raiders became known as teh Barbary corsairs. Many of the Captured Christians were used to 'row' on Muslim Galleys. Muslim Galleys were fast, sleek Barbary ships powered by huge numbers of slaves. They could only spend a short time at sea, since food and water supplies ran out quickly. the ship's captain, or "rais," navigated teh ship. Captured wealthy Christian knights would be held for ransoom. The poorer captives were forced to row teh Barbary galleys day and night and then sold as slaves.
'Feared Brothers' Europeans called them the "Barbarossa Brothers" because of their red beards. Kheir-ed-Kin and Aruj were great Muslim naval heroes in the 1500s. They made their fortunes capturing the Pope's galleys, Spanish warships, and trading ships.